Physical anthropometry is a subdivision of human anatomy science, which has uses in medical industries. A lot of studies showed that genetic, racial, and socioeconomic factors and educational background play rule in anthropometry. We aim this study to determine the presence of differences between gender and corpus callosum size. MRIs were collected from Ardebil and Kermanshah states done in 2013, the participants were informed about this study. They were selected based on age more than 20-years old, absence of demyelization and degenerative diseases, clean history of for neurosurgery, and previous cerebrovascular accidents. MRIs were analyzed by PmsDview program in the midsagittal section by using 9 landmarks, and the data was analyzed by SPSS 19.0. The mean corpus callosum in men was 551.9547±130.55 mm2, and 613.2353±99.98 mm2, and by using t-test (p<0.05), there was no difference in corpus callosum size in both genders. By comparing the results of this study results and other studies we believe that genetic, racial factors, beside education background play great rule to determine corpus callosum size. We suggest that such research to be done in other states of Iran, and Middle East and Asian countries which can confirm genetic and racial factors in anthropometry.

KEY WORDS: Corpus callosum; Sex-related size; Sex-related; Anthropometry; Iran; MRI; Sexual dimorphism.