André Moura de Britto; Letícia Gama Rúbia; Lanay Fernandes Matos; Natanias Macson da Silva; Gabriel Sousa da Rocha; Antônio Carlos Queiroz de Aquino; Fausto Pierdoná Guzen; Lucídio Clebeson de Oliveira; Dayane Pessoa de Araújo; Paulo Leonardo Araújo de Góis Morais & José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti

S100 proteins belong group of calcium-binding proteins and are present in physiological intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities, such as cell differentiation, and act in inflammatory and neoplastic pathological processes. Recently, its expressions in the nervous system have been extensively studied, seeking to elucidate its action at the level of the thalamus: A structure of the central nervous system that is part of important circuits, such as somatosensory, behavioral, memory and cognitive, as well as being responsible for the transmission and regulation of information to the cerebral cortex. This article is an integrative review of scientific literature, which analyzed 12 studies present in Pubmed. The analysis showed that the relationship of S100 proteins and the thalamus has been described in neoplastic processes, mental disorders, hypoxia, trauma, stress, infection, Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. In summary, it is possible to conclude that this protein family is relevant as a marker in processes of thalamic injury, requiring further studies to better understand its clinical, preclinical meanings and its prognostic value.

KEY WORDS: Calcium-Binding Proteins; Diencephalon; Injury; Cell marker. Cyst; Protoscolex; Morphology.

DE BRITTO, A. M.; RÚBIA, L. G.; MATOS, L. F.; DA SILVA, N. M.; DA ROCHA, G. S.; DE AQUINO, A. C. Q.; GUZEN, F. P.; DE OLIVEIRA, L. C.; DE ARAÚJO, D. P.; DE GÓIS MORAIS, P. L. A.; CAVALCANTI, J. R. L. P. S100 proteins and their implication in the thalamus: an integrative review. Int. J. Morphol., 41(2):518-521, 2023.