The palmaris longus muscle is one of the most variable muscles in its presentation in the human body. The purpose of the study was to determine the degree of agenesis of this muscle in a sample of individuals in the Department of Caldas (Colombia). The presence of palmaris longus muscle by direct visualization of the tendon was evaluated by applying Thompson`s test and where necessary, Schaeffer`s test, in a sample of 115 individuals (female and male) between 17-50 years old, all natives of Caldas. The overall agenesis of palmaris longus muscle is in the 22.6 %, but bilateral agenesis occurs only in 8.69 % of individuals, being higher in women, while unilateral agenesis is more common in the order of 13.91 %, keeping a similar proportion of men and women. Although there is some agreement with most of the studies made in other countries, our study highlights two important events, the global agenesis of palmaris longus muscle has one of the highest frequencies of submission, and that the unilateral agenesis, both right and left is among the lower ranks. Bilateral and unilateral global muscle agenesis is more common in women. Likewise, bilateral agenesis is more frequent in women, with a presentation that doubles that of men, while unilateral agenesis is proportionally equal in both sexes.