Hamad Alsaykhan & Samah Mohammed Mahmoud Abozaid

Morphometric and volumetric study of the bony orbit are critical for proper surgical interventions such as face reconstruction for proper restore of lost functional capacity or to improve cosmetic appearance. Therefore, accurate knowledge of orbital anatomy decrease incidence of surgical complications. The present study aimed to measure various parameters of the bony orbit in adult skulls and to assess side and sex differences. In the present study, 42 human adult dry skulls of unknown sex were examined; sex of dry intact skulls was determined using gross anatomical landmarks. Digital Vernier caliper was used to measure the following parameters: orbital height, orbital width, interorbital and biorbital distance. Derived values: orbital index and orbital opening area were calculated by specific equations. Three-dimensional models were used to determine bony orbital volume. Flexible wire and ruler were used to measure Orbital Rim Perimeter. Various parameters were analyzed to assess side and sex differences. In the present study, the total mean value of orbital height in male and female subjects was 35.59 mm and 34.83 mm respectively with non-significant difference. The total mean value of orbital breadth in male and female subjects was 42.16 mm and 41 mm respectively with significant difference. The total mean value of OI in female subjects was (84.99) greater than that of male subjects (84.5) with non-significant difference. The total mean values of the orbital rim perimeter for male and female subjects were 12.26 cm and 12.06 cm respectively with non-significant difference. The total mean values of the orbital opening area for male and female subjects were 11.79 cm2 and 11.26 cm2 respectively with non-significant difference. The total mean values of the bony orbital volume for male and female subjects were 28.2 ml and 25.5 ml respectively with significant difference. Current estimations of orbital morphometric parameters can be of value in maxillofacial procedures and in the designation of eye protective equipment. Moreover, there is a well-established difference in these parameters between males and females.

KEY WORDS: Morphometry; Orbital parameters; Orbit index; Orbital volume; Surgical anatomy.

ALSAYKHAN, H. & MAHMOUD ABOZAID, S.M. Morphometric and volumetric study of the bony orbit in dry adult skull and its utility in medical practice. Int. J. Morphol., 43(3):843-851, 2025.