Petrut-Ticuleanu, C. S.; Repciuc, C. C.; Ratiu C.; Oana, L. I.; Bogdan, A. C. ; Petrut-Ticuleanu, R. & Todor, A.

Sex hormones actively participate in skeletal physiology, resulting in known sexual dimorphism in bone size and strength. The aim of this study was to comparatively assess the rate and quality of peri-implant bone remodeling in skeletally mature male and female rabbits 3 months after the insertion of titanium screws into the femoral diaphysis. Titanium screws (5 mm length, 2 mm diameter) were inserted into a standardized osteotomy site. Histological analyses were performed on tissues surrounding the implants. Females exhibited remodeling processes dominated by the resorptive (osteoclastic) phase, characterized by large resorption spaces and precarious structural continuity between newly formed subperiosteal bone and the deeper cortex. In contrast, males demonstrated significantly more advanced remodeling, achieving structural equilibrium between resorption and formation, with minimal empty spaces and the presence of maturing osteon (Haversian systems) indicative of superior cortical reorganization. This disparity highlights a clear lag in the consolidation phase in females at this 3-month time point, suggesting that the androgenic environment in males facilitates a more rapid and robust post-traumatic osseous response.

KEY WORDS: Bone remodeling; Female rabbits; Male rabbits; Titanium screws.

PETRUT-TICULEANU, C. S.; REPCIUC, C. C.; RATIU C.; OANA, L. I.; BOGDAN, A. C.; PETRUT-TICULEANU, R. & TODOR, A. The influence of sex on peri-implant bone remodeling processes. Int. J. Morphol., 44(3):1071-1075, 2026.