Ihsan L. Al-Omari; Amjad T. Shatarat; Amjad M. Bani Hani; Maher T. Hadidi & Hanna K. Al-Makhamreh

To examine the correlation between the anatomical variations of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) and age, sex and coronary dominance in Jordanian population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 212 patients (127 males and 85 females; mean age of 56 ± 11.1 and ranged from 28 - 81 years) with normal coronary arteries on angiograms were enrolled in this study. Coronary angiograms were retrieved from the database archive from January to July 2021 and reviewed by two independent experienced interventional cardiologists. The length and the branching pattern of the LMCA, the termination pattern of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery and the pattern of coronary dominance were determined. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis. The length of the LMCA was ranged from 2.8 - 22.2 mm. The ramus intermedius (RI) artery was observed in 21.7 % of cases. The LAD artery has terminated before the apex in 15.1%, at the apex in 31.1% and wrapped around the apex in 53.8 % of cases. A positive correlation was observed between the length of the LMCA and the number of its terminal branches. Also, significant differences were detected in the length of the LMCA between sexes with the tendency of having a short LMCA found in females. The pattern of coronary dominance has a low impact on the LMCA morphology where patients with right dominant (RD) pattern tended to have the longest LMCA with trifurcation pattern. However, age did not show any significant correlation. The present study revealed that the length of the LMCA is sex-specific and females are affected more by the consequences of the short LMCA than males. The data of this study could help understand the clinical problems that might be associated with some of these variants for good clinical outcomes.

KEY WORDS: The left main coronary artery; Left anterior descending artery; Termination pattern; Angiography.

AL-OMARI, I. L.; SHATARAT, A. T.; BANI HANI, A. M.; HADIDI, M. T. & AL-MAKHAMREH, H. K. The impact of age, sex and coronary dominance on the morphological characteristics of the left main coronary artery in Jordanian population. Int. J. Morphol., 43(1):335- 343, 2025